Erythropoietin Injection (EPO) is a synthetic form of a natural hormone produced by the kidneys. It stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells, thereby increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This injection is commonly prescribed to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), chemotherapy-induced anemia, HIV treatment with zidovudine, and certain cases of bone marrow disorders.
By correcting anemia, Erythropoietin helps reduce fatigue, improve energy levels, and enhance the overall quality of life in patients.
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Uses
Treatment of anemia due to chronic kidney disease (dialysis and non-dialysis patients)
Management of anemia caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients
Anemia in patients receiving HIV therapy (zidovudine-induced)
To reduce the need for blood transfusions in some surgical patients
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How It Works
Erythropoietin is a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. By restoring hemoglobin levels, it improves oxygen transport in the body.
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Dosage
Dose depends on patient’s hemoglobin level, condition, weight, and medical guidance.
Administered via subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV) injection.
Therapy should be strictly under the supervision of a healthcare professional.
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Side Effects
Common side effects may include:
Headache
Nausea or vomiting
Joint or muscle pain
Injection site reactions
Increased blood pressure
Serious but rare side effects: blood clots, stroke, heart attack, or pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Always use under medical supervision.
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Precautions
Monitor hemoglobin levels regularly during therapy.
Not recommended in uncontrolled high blood pressure.
Inform your doctor if you have heart disease, history of stroke, or clotting disorders.
Avoid misuse (e.g., in athletes for performance enhancement) as it is unsafe and illegal.
